- ὀρύσσω
- ὀρύσσωGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `to dig (up, in, out), to scrape, to bury'.Other forms: att. -ττω, late -χω (Arat.), ipv. -γε (Seriphos), aor. ὀρύξαι, fut. ὀρύξω (Hom.), pass. aor. ὀρυχθῆναι, fut. ὀρυχθήσομαι, perf. ὀρώρυγμαι (IA.; w. prefix κατ-ώρυγμαι). Act. ὀρώρυχα (Att.), Aor. 2. ὀρυγεῖν, pass. ὀρυγῆναι (late).Compounds: Often w. prefix, e.g. κατ-, δι-, ἀν-, περι-.Derivatives: 1. backformation ὄρυξ, -υγος m. `pickaxe' (AP), usu. name of an Egyptian and Libyan (also Indian) gazelle or antelope (Arist., LXX), seemingly after the pointed horns, but rather folketym. transformed LW [loanword]; also name of a great fish (Str.; s. Thompson Fishes s.v.). Of the prefixcompp. κατ-ῶρυξ (ω comp. length.), -υχος `buried, dug in, underground', as subst. f. `grave' (trag.); dat. pl. κατω-ρυχέεσσι (λάεσσι, λίθοισι ζ 267, ι 185), rather metr. enlarged than from κατωρυχής; δι-ῶρυξ, -υχος, late mostly -υγος f. `ditch, channel, mine' (Ion., Th., Tab. Heracl., pap.). 2. (δι-, ὑπ-)όρυγμα n. `hole, grave' (IA.); 3. ὀρυγμός m. `id.' (Priene). 4. (δι-)ορυχή f. (-ωρ-) `the digging' (D., Delos), also -γή (LXX). 5. (κατ-, ἐπ-, ὑπ-)όρυξις f. `id.' (Arist.). 6. ὀρυκτή f. = ὄρυγμα (Ph.). 7. ὀρυκ-τήρ m. `miner' (Zeno Stoic.), -της m. `digger, tool for digging' (Aesop., Str.); (δι-) ορυκτρίς f. adjunct of χελώνη `mine protection roof' (Poliorc.). 8. ὀρυγεύς fossorium (Gloss.).Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [868] *h₃reu-k-? `dig up, grub'Etymology: The general basis of all verbal forms and derived nouns is a stem ὀρυχ-; the media in ὀρυγ- is secondary (cf. Schwyzer 715 a. 760); secondary is also the present ὀρύχω (Schw. 684 f.). -- Without exact agreement outside Greek. As ὀ- can be `prothetic', we can explain the primary yot-present ὀρύσσω from *ὀρυχ-ι̯ω \< *h₃rugh- and compare the nasalinfixed secondary formation Lat. runcō, -āre `weed out, root up', to which a.o. runcō, -ōnis m. `weeding hook', as well as Latv. rūkēt `dig, scrape'; also the primary Skt. luñcati `pluck off' (with l from IE r) can belong here. To be considered further several isolated verbal nouns, esp. from Celtic, e.g. Ir. rucht (\< *ruk-tu-) `swine', pop. *"grubber"; from Alban. rrah `excavation, reclaimed land' IE *rouk-so- (Restelli Ist. Lomb. 91, 475). The aspiration, seen only in Greek, can be expressive or analogical. -- (If one separates the velar as a formative element, we can compare οὑροί m. pl. `trench' (s.v.), ὅρος `boundary' ('-furrow'?), the instrument name ὀρυα, poss. also ὀρύα f. `intestine', prop. *"hole"?). Further forms w. rich lit. in WP. 2, 351 ff., Pok. 868ff.Page in Frisk: 2,430-431
Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό). Robert S.P.. 2010.